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Glossary

Showing 111-120 out of 1154 Terms

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  • Biomarker

    (BY-oh-MAR-ker)

    A biological molecule found in blood, other body fluids, or tissues that is a sign of a normal or abnormal process, or of a condition or disease. A biomarker may be used to see how well the body responds to a treatment for a disease or condition. Also called molecular marker and signature molecule.

  • Biopsy

    (BY-op-see)

    The removal of cells or tissues for examination by a pathologist.

  • Bladder

    (BLA-der)

    The organ that stores urine.

  • Blasts

    Immature blood cells.

  • Blood

    (blud)

    A tissue with red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and other substances suspended in fluid called plasma. Blood takes oxygen and nutrients to the tissues, and carries away wastes.

  • Blood chemistries

    Multiple chemical determinations of the blood content. These tests are helpful in assessing your kidney and liver function.

  • Blood chemistry study

    blud KEH-mih-stree STUH-dee

    A test done on a sample of blood to measure the amount of certain substances in the body. These substances include electrolytes (such as sodium, potassium, and chloride), fats, proteins, glucose (sugar), and enzymes. Blood chemistry studies give important information about how well a person's kidneys, liver, and other organs are working. An abnormal amount of a substance in the blood can be a sign of disease or side effect of treatment. Blood chemistry studies are used to help diagnose and monitor many conditions before, during, and after treatment. Also called blood chemistry test.

  • Blood clots

    (blud klots)

    Masses of blood that forms when blood platelets, proteins, and cells stick together. When a blood clot is attached to the wall of a blood vessel, it is called a thrombus. When it moves through the bloodstream and blocks the flow of blood in another part of the body, it is called an embolus.

  • Blood count

    A lab study to evaluate the amount of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.

  • Blood culture

    (blud KUL-cher)

    A laboratory test to check for bacteria, yeast, fungi, or other microorganisms in the blood. Blood cultures can help identify the type of microorganism that is causing an infection. This helps determine the best treatment. They may be used to help diagnose septicemia (a serious blood infection) and other conditions.